Lucas定理

证明省略

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
#include<cstdio>
#define LL long long
const int N=200050;
LL fact[N];
int n,m,mod;
inline int read()
{
register int x=0,t=1;
register char ch=getchar();
while (ch!='-'&&(ch<'0'||ch>'9')) ch=getchar();
if (ch=='-') t=-1,ch=getchar();
while (ch>='0'&&ch<='9') x=x*10+ch-48,ch=getchar();
return x*t;
}
void init()
{
fact[0]=1;
for(int i=1;i<=n+m;i++)
fact[i]=fact[i-1]*i%mod;
}
LL pow(LL a,LL b,LL mod)
{
LL ret=1;
for(;b;b>>=1)
{
if (b&1) ret=ret*a%mod;
a=a*a%mod;
}
return ret;
}
LL C(LL m,LL n,LL mod)
{
if (m<n) return 0;
return fact[m]*pow(fact[n]*fact[m-n]%mod,mod-2,mod)%mod;
}
LL Lucas(LL m,LL n,LL mod)
{
if (!n) return 1;
return Lucas(m/mod,n/mod,mod)*C(m%mod,n%mod,mod)%mod;
}
int main()
{
int T=read();
while (T--)
{
n=read(),m=read();
mod=read();
init();
printf("%lld\n",Lucas(n+m,m,mod));
}
return 0;
}